{"id":9676,"date":"2025-02-19T16:30:41","date_gmt":"2025-02-19T14:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/filter.eu\/?p=9676"},"modified":"2025-02-20T11:49:56","modified_gmt":"2025-02-20T09:49:56","slug":"dumgazu-attirisanas-iekartas-nozime-un-pielietojums-dazadas-nozares","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/filter.eu\/lv\/dumgazu-attirisanas-iekartas-nozime-un-pielietojums-dazadas-nozares\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rtas \u2013 noz\u012bme un pielietojums da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s nozar\u0113s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vides aizsardz\u012bba ir aktu\u0101la t\u0113ma vis\u0101s nozar\u0113s, un jaut\u0101jums par pies\u0101r\u0146ojuma nov\u0113r\u0161anu ir svar\u012bgs ne tikai teor\u0113tiski, bet ar\u012b praktiski. Ja c\u0113lo\u0146us nov\u0113rst nav iesp\u0113jams, tad m\u016bsdienu r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s tehnolo\u0123ijas pied\u0101v\u0101 iesp\u0113ju samazin\u0101t kait\u012bgo vielu izdal\u012b\u0161anos, att\u012brot d\u016bmg\u0101zu, \u016bdens un cieto vielu pl\u016bsmas p\u0113c tehnolo\u0123iskajiem procesiem. D\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rtas<\/a> ir k\u013cuvu\u0161as par neat\u0146emamu sast\u0101vda\u013cu m\u016bsdienu r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 un ener\u0123\u0113tik\u0101, jo t\u0101s b\u016btiski samazina kait\u012bgo emisiju daudzumu, uzlabojot gaisa kvalit\u0101ti un veicinot ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgu att\u012bst\u012bbu. Arvien pieaugo\u0161ais sabiedr\u012bbas un likumdev\u0113ju uzsvars uz vides jaut\u0101jumiem padara \u0161\u012bs tehnolo\u0123ijas arvien svar\u012bg\u0101kas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 d\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ijas tiek izmantotas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s nozar\u0113s?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ener\u0123\u0113tikas nozar\u0113<\/strong><\/a> d\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ijas ir b\u016btiskas, jo t\u0101s pal\u012bdz samazin\u0101t emisijas no katlu m\u0101j\u0101m un ko\u0123ener\u0101cijas stacij\u0101m, kas izmanto fosilo kurin\u0101mo vai biomasu. \u0160\u012bs iek\u0101rtas efekt\u012bvi no\u0146em kait\u012bg\u0101s vielas, piem\u0113ram, pelnu da\u013ci\u0146as, s\u0113ra dioks\u012bdu (SO\u2082) un sl\u0101pek\u013ca oks\u012bdus (NO\u2093). T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 tiek uzlabota gaisa kvalit\u0101te, un ener\u0123\u0113tikas uz\u0146\u0113mumi sp\u0113j iev\u0113rot stingr\u0101kos vides standartus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"ESP
Elektrostatisk\u0101 filtra (ESP) uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana \u0101rpus\u0113 4 MW biomasas katlu m\u0101jai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"ESP
Elektrostatisk\u0101 filtrs (ESP) uzst\u0101d\u012bts iek\u0161telp\u0101s 3 MW biomasas katlu m\u0101j\u0101<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

R\u016bpnieciskie sektori,<\/strong><\/a> piem\u0113ram, cementa ra\u017eo\u0161ana<\/strong>, t\u0113rauda r\u016bpn\u012bcas<\/strong> un kokapstr\u0101de<\/strong>, ir lieli pies\u0101r\u0146ot\u0101ji. D\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rtas \u0161aj\u0101s nozar\u0113s pal\u012bdz samazin\u0101t gais\u0101 eso\u0161os kait\u012bgos elementus, piem\u0113ram, putek\u013cus, smagos met\u0101lus, koksnes sve\u0137us un toksiskos savienojumus. \u0160\u0101du tehnolo\u0123iju ievie\u0161ana ne tikai uzlabo gaisa kvalit\u0101ti, bet ar\u012b nodro\u0161ina uz\u0146\u0113mumiem atbilst\u012bbu vides regul\u0113jumiem, samazina izmaksas un pal\u012bdz veidot pozit\u012bvu ilgtsp\u0113jas t\u0113lu, kas savuk\u0101rt veicina efekt\u012bv\u0101ku un ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bg\u0101ku ra\u017eo\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biog\u0101zes nozar\u0113<\/strong> <\/a>\u0161\u012bs tehnolo\u0123ijas ie\u0146em svar\u012bgu lomu met\u0101na un citu g\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161an\u0101, kas tiek izmantotas ener\u0123ijas ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101. D\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana \u0161aj\u0101 sektor\u0101 palielina energoefektivit\u0101ti un samazina emisijas, kas ir b\u016btiski ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgas att\u012bst\u012bbas nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anai. T\u0101 ir noz\u012bm\u012bga tehnolo\u0123ija, kas veicina p\u0101reju uz za\u013c\u0101kiem un t\u012br\u0101kiem ener\u0123ijas avotiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ijas<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Maisu jeb auduma filtri<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"D\u016bmg\u0101zu<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija nodro\u0161ina augstu efektivit\u0101ti, sasniedzot l\u012bdz pat 99% cieto da\u013ci\u0146u no\u0146em\u0161anas. Maisu filtri ir popul\u0101ra izv\u0113le nozar\u0113s, kas nodarbojas ar cementa, t\u0113rauda un koksnes ra\u017eo\u0161anu. Tie ir ar\u012b viena no efekt\u012bv\u0101kaj\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m biomasas kurin\u0101m\u0101 rad\u012bto da\u013ci\u0146u emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anai, padarot tos par izplat\u012btu risin\u0101jumu biomasas katlu m\u0101j\u0101s un ko\u0123ener\u0101cijas stacij\u0101s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Elektrostatiskie filtri (ESP)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Elektrostatiskie<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Elektrostatiskie filtri sp\u0113j efekt\u012bvi no\u0146emt pat \u013coti smalkas da\u013ci\u0146as (l\u012bdz 0,01 mikrometriem), padarot tos ide\u0101li piem\u0113rotus nozar\u0113m ar augst\u0101m emisij\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, elektroener\u0123ijas un t\u0113rauda ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101. . Tie ir \u012bpa\u0161i piem\u0113roti liel\u0101m ko\u0123ener\u0101cijas stacij\u0101m, kur\u0101s rodas smalkas da\u013ci\u0146as, nodro\u0161inot zemas emisijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. D\u016bmg\u0101zu skruberi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"D\u016bmg\u0101zu<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Skruberi izmanto \u0161\u0137idrumu, lai neitraliz\u0113tu pies\u0101r\u0146ojo\u0161\u0101s vielas, piem\u0113ram, SO\u2082 un NO\u2093. Tie ir piel\u0101gojami da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un nodro\u0161ina efekt\u012bvu emisiju kontroli. \u0160\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija ir \u012bpa\u0161i noder\u012bga, ja biomasas kurin\u0101mais satur liel\u0101ku s\u0113ra un sl\u0101pek\u013ca oks\u012bdu daudzumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Cikloni un multicikloni<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012bs vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101s un uzticam\u0101s iek\u0101rtas izmanto centrif\u016bgas sp\u0113ku, lai no\u0146emtu liel\u0101kas ciet\u0101s da\u013ci\u0146as, ta\u010du to efektivit\u0101te ir ierobe\u017eota smalk\u0101ku da\u013ci\u0146u att\u012br\u012b\u0161an\u0101. Tie ir vienk\u0101r\u0161i un ekonomiski risin\u0101jumi rupj\u0101ku da\u013ci\u0146u no\u0146em\u0161anai no d\u016bmg\u0101z\u0113m un bie\u017ei tiek izmantoti k\u0101 pirmais att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas posms pirms maisu filtru vai ESP uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las\u012bt vair\u0101k par d\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101m<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Normat\u012bvais regul\u0113jums un t\u0101 ietekme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr. 17 \u201eNoteikumi par gaisa pies\u0101r\u0146ojuma ierobe\u017eo\u0161anu no sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101m\u201d<\/a> ir svar\u012bgs normat\u012bv\u0101 regul\u0113juma instruments, kas papildina Eiropas Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu aktus un stiprina vides aizsardz\u012bbas pras\u012bbas Latvij\u0101. Tie ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ti, lai saska\u0146otu Latvijas tiesisko regul\u0113jumu ar Eiropas Savien\u012bbas Vid\u0113jo sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas iek\u0101rtu direkt\u012bvas (MCPD) pras\u012bb\u0101m, kas nosaka stingrus emisiju ierobe\u017eojumus attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz s\u0113ra dioks\u012bdu (SO\u2082), cietaj\u0101m da\u013c\u012b\u0146\u0101m, sl\u0101pek\u013ca oks\u012bdiem (NO\u2093) un cit\u0101m kait\u012bg\u0101m viel\u0101m, kas rodas sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas procesu laik\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Tehniskie un administrat\u012bv\u0101s pras\u012bbas<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr. 17 nosaka detaliz\u0113tus tehniskos un administrat\u012bv\u0101s r\u012bc\u012bbas pas\u0101kumus, kas nepiecie\u0161ami, lai sasniegtu emisiju ierobe\u017eojumus. Tie ietver pras\u012bbas par regul\u0101ru emisiju monitoringu, tehnisk\u0101m p\u0101rbaud\u0113m, sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas iek\u0101rtu tehnolo\u0123isko uzlabojumu veik\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Latvijas specifikas iev\u0113ro\u0161ana<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Noteikumi ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ti, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 Latvijas ener\u0123\u0113tikas strukt\u016bru un daudzveid\u012bg\u0101s sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas iek\u0101rtas, kas tiek izmantotas t\u0101d\u0101s nozar\u0113s k\u0101 siltumener\u0123ijas ra\u017eo\u0161ana, r\u016bpniec\u012bba un atkritumu apstr\u0101de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. P\u0101rejas periodi un atvieglojumi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lai atvieglotu piel\u0101go\u0161anos jaunajiem emisiju ierobe\u017eojumiem, noteikumi paredz p\u0101rejas periodus, \u012bpa\u0161i attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz maz\u0101k\u0101m iek\u0101rt\u0101m (1-5 MW). Eso\u0161\u0101m iek\u0101rt\u0101m, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no kurin\u0101m\u0101 veida, emisiju pras\u012bbas piln\u012bb\u0101 st\u0101jas sp\u0113k\u0101 2025. gada 1. janv\u0101r\u012b..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Emisiju ierobe\u017eojumu pras\u012bbas l\u012bdz 2025. gada 1. janv\u0101rim<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u0113ra dioks\u012bda (SO\u2082) emisijas ierobe\u017eojums – samazin\u0101jums no 500 mg\/Nm\u00b3 atkar\u012bb\u0101 no iek\u0101rtas veida un jaudas. Cieto da\u013ci\u0146u emisiju ierobe\u017eojums – <\/strong>samazin\u0101jums atbilsto\u0161i iek\u0101rtas jaudai un kurin\u0101m\u0101 veidam, piem\u0113ram, cieto biomasu izmantojo\u0161\u0101m iek\u0101rt\u0101m ar jaudu no 1 MW l\u012bdz 5 MW – l\u012bdz 50 mg\/Nm\u00b3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Emisiju ierobe\u017eojumu pras\u012bbas l\u012bdz 2030. gada 1. janv\u0101rim<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Maz\u0101k\u0101m sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101m (1-5 MW) tiek noteikta pak\u0101peniska emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161ana, lai piln\u012bb\u0101 atbilstu jaun\u0101kajiem Eiropas Savien\u012bbas normat\u012bvajiem aktiem. Turpm\u0101ka emisiju ierobe\u017eo\u0161ana <\/strong>attieksies uz specifiskiem iek\u0101rtu tipiem, pamatojoties uz emisiju anal\u012bzi un vides ietekmes nov\u0113rt\u0113jumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101p\u0113c izv\u0113l\u0113ties FILTER d\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas risin\u0101jumus?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

FILTER uz\u0146\u0113mums pied\u0101v\u0101 inovat\u012bvas d\u016bmg\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ijas, kas pal\u012bdz r\u016bpniec\u012bbas un ener\u0123\u0113tikas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem: <\/p>\n\n\n\n